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GIDEON o. SPENOE, or TITUS-VILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, .ASSIGNOR'TO HIM: SELF, .A. a. WILLIAMS, AND J. s. LATHE-OP, on SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 76,838, dated Aprz l 14, 1 868 IMPROVED LUBBIIUATING-OIL.

flit: fitigthfle march tnitftlgtse glitters with nut making part f flge ma TO ALL' WHOM IT MAY CONCERN; w Be it known that I, GIDEON O. SPENOE, of the city of Titusville, county of Crawford, and State of Pena Y h invented certain new and improved Lubricating-Oils; and I do hereby declare that the followin 7 is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, from which. anyperson skilledin the art may be able to com 7 Found the same. 4 I I I My invention consisis oi' an improved quality oilubricatihgwil, whiclfI manufacture from crude petroleum or eoal-cil, or their products, .515 a base, with the addition of certain cheinical ingredients hereinafter mentioned. In the following descriptiontof my method of preparing my lubricating-oil, I have, f0r the sake of conven ience, QSSDLII CLl that it is to he prepared from the residuum of crude petroleum (or result of distillation) of a. I gravity of 30 Baum, or thereabout-s. If the lubricating-oil is to be nadedirectly from crude petroleum, or coal-oil of a lighter-or heavier gravity,-i't maybe first reduced-to the assumed gravity of 30, or the proportions-of chemicals may be slightly variedto suit the gravity of the base used, as hereinafter specified, When using oil or residuum, of a gravity of 30, or thereabouts, I first run the same into a receiver, in. which has beeaplacsd aclrmntity of chloride-of sodium-(or any of the equivalent lialoid salts), as a Sonata; in the proportion of about one pound to each forty gallons I beat the same to about 150? Fahrenheit, or sufiiciently-to thorohg'hlybiic the ingredients, and dec'antinto a second 'recoiver, wherev I add hydrated potassa, or any alkali of the same orsiniilar chemicaland electrical actioiuhs a solvent, tothe'amount of at one pound to forty gallons. 'Ithen add muriate of ammonia, or any oihthe equivalent hydrosalts, as a saponiher, in the proportion of about two pounds tol'orty gallons, and decant to a third receiver, Where I add spirits of turpentine, linseedoil, or oil oflike solvent property, as asolvent and' deodoriz'er, in proportion of about one I gallon to three hundred. I also add dourofsulphur, in the proportion cf about one pound-to forty gallons, to destroy cohesion or tenacity. Sufficient heat should be applied. during the process vie-thoroughly mix the ingredients. v v i T v :When treated according to the aboyo description, the manufactured oil retains perfect fluidityata tcm perature of zero, While lard and otheranimal lubricating-oils congesl in winter ata temperature of.32, or above.

For spring, summer, and autumn use, and for use in warm climates, I should, ordina'rily,-use only'two of the above chemicals, namely, hydrated-potassa. and mur'iate of ammonia, or their equivalents, adding the others :abovenamed, as the peculiarities of the trade may require. ri V The proportions of the chemicals given above are by no means arbitrary; as, for instance, the use ofdouhle I the given quantity of either would probably do no positive harm, while a less quantity would suffice in some iustanccs, but the proportions given are such as I deem sufficient and best-in practice. They will depend somewhat upon the gravity of the base used, as well as the gravity and quality required for the manufactured oils, said proportions being somewhat greater or' less,'as the gravity of the base used r naybe'lowen or higher than that assumed, (89 but irointhe above description any skilled chemistormanipulator of oils will be enabled tojndge of the amoun: 'of variation in pi'oportion required in practice.

For the sakcof convenience in future reference, and also for reference in my appended claims,-I have designated the chemical ingredients used in i'nanuiacturing my lubricating-oils by numbers, and-in theorder in which they are named above, as follows: I

first. C ride of sodium, or any of the haloid salts used as a solvent. I

boson-l. rat-x poiassa, or'any alkali of the some or similar chemical and electrical action, also used R311 solvent. o

Third. Muriato of ammonia, oranyone of the hydrosalts This serves as a saponifier, and renders the oil less combustible. i "J I Foul-tin Spiritsof turpentine, linseed-oil, or oil of like solvent property. Used as'a solvent and'dcodorizer.

Fifth. Flour of sulphur, to destroy cohesion or tenacity. V

Having thus described my method of prepdring my oi1,'and the ingredients used, W115i: I claim as my invention, and desire t B'ecure by Ltjzers Patent, isr 1. As a new article of mariufactui-e; a. lubricatingoil, made from petroleum or coil-oi], or their products, as a base, combined with the second'and third chemical ihgrdients hereinspecifie d, for the purpqses set forth.

2. As a. new article of manufa'cfure, a lubricatingil, made from petroleum or coal-oil, or their prdducts, as a base, combined with the five'chemical'ingr'edints he'reinspeeifid, for the-purposes st forth.

' GIDEON 0. SPENCE.

Withesses;

ANDREW B. Howmm J. J. HOLDEN. 

